The environment is critical to the body's health and its normal functioning. Dry eye is a condition heavily influenced by the environment; its leading cause, MGD (meibomian gland dysfunction), significantly reacts to these influences. So, what is the impact of the environment and pollution on dry eye syndrome and MGD? 

Environmental Factors

Researchers have found that some environmental factors play a role in the development and severity of dry eye syndrome. The main factor that affects dry eye syndrome is the weather and the seasons, as they significantly impact the humidity and particulate matter in the air. 

Humidity and Dry Eye

Seasons like Winter and Spring are more likely to have drier air than Summer and Autumn. During these seasons, instances of dry eye are high. Dry climates and weather increase the severity of dry eye symptoms; in contrast, humid climates lessen the severity of the symptoms. Additionally, indoor climates and environments without humidity or with HVAC are more likely to worsen dry eye symptoms. 

Dry air and low humidity worsen symptom severity by increasing the breakup time of tears. This often leads to faster evaporation times and worsening dry eye symptoms.

Humidity, Heat, Wind, and Dry Eye

Another factor that makes Spring such a high season for dry eye is the wind and heat common during the season. Summer is warmer than Spring but much more humid than Winter and Spring, making it better for people with dry eye syndrome. Several studies have proven that people exposed to air at high speeds are more likely to develop dry eye. 

MGD – Meibomian Gland Dysfunction

Meibomian gland dysfunction is the leading cause of dry eye syndrome worldwide, and it can occur for several reasons. The most common form of MGD is obstructive MGD, which often leads to the increased thickness of the meibum oils. This may lead to the deficiency of tears or high evaporation rates, resulting in dry eye syndrome. 

Pollution and MGD

The impact of pollution on the eyes and the ocular surface is controversial, and the scientific community has diverse opinions about it. When it comes to MGD and pollution, the impact of pollution is not precisely known, but there is proof that it does influence the tear film. 

In a study performed in places with oil factories, pollution, and other regions, MGD was more common in the oily regions. The study's outcomes suggest that although MGD does not result from air pollution, the presence of air pollution can aggravate it. 

Pollution and Dry Eye

There is evidence that pollution in the air can lead to or aggravate dry eye symptoms. People exposed to different forms of air pollution and humidity tend to develop dry eyes. The particles in polluted air collect on the eye surface and cover the tear film, reducing their efficacy in lubricating the eyes.



For more on environmental factors and dry eye, call Clarity Vision in Clayton, North Carolina, or call (919) 550-4801 to schedule an appointment.